IRB Intro #3 Half The Sky

Half The Sky is a self proclaimed "call to arms, call for help, call for contributions and call for volunteers" toward one of the greatest humanitarian issues of our era. Focusing on sex trafficking, sexual abuse, and girls' education authors Nicholas D. Kristof and Sheryl WuDunn argue that the oppression of women is the ultimate paramount moral challenge facing our society, comparing it to the fight against slavery from the past. Though the subject matter in itself was not necessarily the most eye catching to me for this book, it was actually my brother who recommended that I read it. He too explained that he did not have much initial interest in reading it (but as it was a required reading for his college he didn't really have much of a choice) but it's subjects and themes cover much more than just the oppression of women -- focusing on the discussion of moral values in a society and what implications they have on a culture.

TOW #16: Race in America

       Inspired by recent debates filling American life regarding the idea of racial prejudice within the United States, writer Matt Leran began his article series, Race in America. Written exclusively for the opinion pages of the New York Times, Race in America is an exploration into the "identity of America" through the lens of its actual citizens. This series is particularly insightful in that it utilizes the stories and experiences of actual American people to paint its narrative about what America is truly like -- for all people. The stories within its pages do an exceptional job of describing not just the events that people have experienced in this country, but the rather, who is experiencing them, driving home the point that this truly is not a dividing subject about different races, but a unifying one about joint human experience. Not to discredit its as an informative piece, however, as it does provide a good deal of knowledge on a topic that many who are not directly related to are not aware of. Of course, this used of anecdotal structure is what holds this piece together and also what makes it most successful as it adds to both its appeals to ethos and especially to pathos.
      What makes this article series different from any other piece looking into the racial divide in America is, as I mentioned before, its use of stories to describe its message. Whether it be from Maya McCoy about her conversation to her black son, or Josh Frias about growing up being told by his white parents that racism doesn't exist, this article presents a myriad of experiences from all different perspectives on the issue. What this brings to the article is a greater level of ethos for connecting to the American people, it isn't just a writer telling you what is going on in America, it is people describing there personal experiences within it. It also brings success in its appeals to pathos for the same reason. Having real people describe what its like believing that "race definitely factored into how one participated in school" or that is truly "isolated one from their peers" brings an emotional pull that is unparalleled by mere statements of racism in America. This makes the article stand apart and, consequently, be extremely successful in doing what it sets out to achieve.

TOW #15: What Would Martin Luther King Do?

     Written just in time to celebrate this upcoming holiday of Martin Luther King Day, this article takes a almost satirical look into the way politics is carried out in this country in comparison to the high moral standards we hold ourselves up to. In this way, the author, Will Tennen, takes a memorialized figure such as Martin Luther King Jr, and compares his actions to our own as a country. It is a humorous strike on the saying, "what would Jesus do?" in comparing moral standards to the actions of others. Though the article takes a satirical jab at almost all elements of the political spectrum, including the way in which debates are now run, his most adamant is at the policies of Republican front runner Donald Trump, particularly his stance on Muslims in this country. In his article, author Will Tennen uses powerful allusions to past events in order to draw convincing comparisons to the faults in our political upbringing and consequently bring forth a sense of change.
     Beginning his article with a quote from King Jr himself about the "necessity of social justice in America" brings a strong and forward message to his audience about the topic of his discussion throughout the rest of the piece. This powerful quote is then easily used to negate the modern tactics and policies of recent politicians, bringing a source from which to point flaws in our current character as a country. It is from this very quote that Tennen derives the morality with which to ask his ending question, "what would Martin Luther King Jr. do?". He asks this regarding our political attacks, our split congress and of course immigration reforms. It seems that this saying repeats itself throughout the article, being referenced in relation to other aspects of King's life. Overall, the success of this article can be accredited to this clever idea repeated throughout its work.

The Elegant Universe (IRB #2)

      The latter half of Brian Greene's non-technical book takes an interesting turn in subject matter, switching from the development and evolution of string theory to its relation to what he refers to as "hidden dimensions". In his last chapters he takes this topic -- which, in some scientific way that I cannot claim to understand, connects back to string theory -- and explores, in a similar way, its implications to the human condition as a whole. This comprehensive study of the theoretical 11th dimension and its relevance to the unification of the twenty first century follows through Greene's technique approaching these especially technical subject matters, by connecting them to everyday life of people. He does this, as mentioned in the previous post, most effectively through his colloquial writing style. However, another aspect to this style that became cleat to its success appealing to the layman is Greene's creative use of metaphors and other analogies. These analogies not only add a creative flair to the writing, but also give an easier understanding to the complexity of his subject matter.
       The most effective metaphor to be constantly referred to throughout the book is his comparison of the fabric of space to a quilt. Albeit amazingly simple, this metaphor which compares the very fabric of our universe to the simple stitched fabric of a quilt makes it unquestionably easier to understand the topics as hand. Greene is able to explain the "Newtonian directional physics" that are  "law to the relativity of interstellar connectivity" (203) which this metaphor. He explains that "like the quilt, they particles are stitched together. And, very much like the quilt, there are tiny holes which can let other pieces of matter through" (100). This constant relation back to quilt furnishings makes it easier for myself and other audience members to relate to what is being stated throughout the book and what ultimately contributes to its success.